A civil litigation lawyer is a trial lawyer representing plaintiffs and defendants in a lawsuit. These lawyers manage phases of litigation. Litigation is the process of taking a legal action against a criminal offense. They do this using evidence and investigation based on pre-trial, trial, settlements, and appealing processes.
The nature of the task varies on the dispute, the experience of the lawyer, and whether they are representing a plaintiff or a defendant. A plaintiff is the one who initiates a lawsuit before a court.
Education and training of a civil litigation lawyer
To become a civil litigation lawyer, a person must complete their Juris Doctor degree from a law school accredited by the American Bar Association. The path to doctorate is achieved through a four-year degree in addition to three additional years in a law school. The attorneys must then pass the bar exam to be admitted to the bar council of a state in which they wish to practice.
Case proceedings by a civil litigation lawyer
The lawyer goes through a set of procedures mentioned below:
This phase also involves lawyers from both the sides to engage in a pre-litigation settlement discussion to resolve the issue before the lawsuit is actually filed.
In the appeal process, the lawyers and their clients must present the evidence as to why the trial court’s decision is wrong and if they can gather further evidence to challenge the post-trial motions.
Atopic dermatitis or eczema is a condition in which the skin gets itchy, with painful, red, swollen patches. It is observed that the illness commonly affects children and infants. However, it can develop at any age. It is common for a person to also have a history of asthma or hay fever along with skin rashes to diagnose eczema. Let us look at the causes, symptoms, and available treatment options for this illness.
Causes and triggers
There is little understanding of what causes this condition. However, research suggests that this illness is accompanied by other infections like hay fever and asthma. It is observed that eczema could also be an immune reaction to fight off allergies that could get worse.
There are some triggers that could worsen the condition:
Allergens: Environmental factors or allergies can trigger the symptoms of the disease. This includes cold or dry weather, dampness that could lead to infection and itching, pet fur, pollen, molds, or even dust mites.
Irritants: These include everyday products like soaps, shampoos, laundry detergents, or cleaning supplies. Most of these products have harsh chemicals that leave the skin dry, which can cause inflammation and itching. Bubble baths using harsh soaps can also trigger symptoms.
Food allergies: Some foods like soya, cow’s milk, peanuts, eggs, or even wheat can cause a reaction. It is best to know the foods to eat and avoid with the help of a health professional who makes a complete diagnosis to understand food allergies.
Fabrics: Certain cloth materials like wool or synthetic fibers can cause irritation and rash on the skin. Be sure to speak to a doctor to understand which type of cloth material can be worn.
Hormones: This is mainly for women during pregnancy or those close to their period cycle. The symptoms can worsen around this time, and strict management is needed to avoid complications.
Symptoms
The common symptoms are as follows:
Tiny blisters are formed, which have clear fluid
These blisters can even burst and turn into scabs over a period of time, making them painful
The skin gets dry, flaky, and itchy to the point that it is painful
Treatment options
There is no permanent cure for the disease, but some management options keep the symptoms at bay.
Applying repair moisturizers can be helpful as they keep the skin from getting dry, avoiding any scratching that can lead to painful scabs. One of the treatment options is using Opzelura as a topical cream for mild to moderate eczema. This is a short-term treatment plan for non-immunocompromised adults and children 12 years old or older.
Using vitamin D supplements and probiotics is also a way to manage the symptoms to a large extent.
Some patients need UV light therapy over the affected areas in case other treatment options are not working.
It is also advised to avoid the triggers mentioned above to ensure no flare-ups or irritation.
The new iPhone is up for grabs! Apple has steered away from big displays to make the phones ergonomic. The iPhone 11, iPhone 11 Pro, and iPhone 11 Pro Max have a screen size of 6.1”, 5.8”, and 6.5”, respectively. The iPhone 11 has Liquid Retina HD display, while the Pro and Pro Max variants are equipped with Super Retina XDR display that has 2,000,000:1 contrast ratio, and up to 800 nits max brightness in HDR. However, it seems that Apple retained the iPhone XR’s display specifications in the iPhone 11 to cut manufacturing costs.
The new phones look strikingly similar to 2018’s iPhone XS, iPhone XS Max, and iPhone XR — notch and all. The phones’ colors and finishes look and feel more refined and a lot less like fingerprint magnets when compared with last year’s phones. When compared on the basis of the price, features, and specifications, the new iPhone 11 is supposedly a replacement to the iPhone XR. The iPhone 11 Pro and iPhone Pro Max phones get a new matte finish and steel case that look and feel dense.
Camera
Several social media leaks and pre-press releases speculated iPhone 11’s camera specifications and appearance. Apple put all those rumors to rest by introducing dual camera system in iPhone 11 and the much-hyped triple camera system in Pro and Pro Max. While the iPhone 11 has 12MP Ultra-Wide and Wide camera lenses, Pro and Pro Max have an extra telephoto lens to provide that extra depth to your pictures.
All three phones have a 12MP front camera with advanced bokeh and depth control. With up to 5X digital zoom, iPhone 11, Pro, and Pro Max cameras come with six effects, including the night mode, that lets you click the best photos in the dimmest environments. The front camera lets the Face ID perform a 3D scan, letting you unlock your phone even from a tilted angle. The cameras also have ‘slo-mo’ video recording, as the front cameras allow 1080p slow-motion video recording at 120fps. Apart from this, you can also click 8MP still Photos while recording 4K videos.
Technical specifications
The iPhone 11, Pro, and Pro Max are fitted with the brand-new A13 Bionic processor and third generation neural engine, which the company is calling as the most powerful processor yet. The A13 Bionic can do 1 trillion operations per second with help of 8.5 billion transistors. This is 1.6 billion more than its predecessor — the A12 Bionic chipset. The highly efficient A13 Bionic when combined with lithium-ion battery ensures that iPhone 11 will run an hour longer than iPhone XR and Pro and Pro Max will run four hours extra. The iPhone 11, Pro, and Pro Max allows up to 20 hours and up to 80 hours of video and audio playback on a single charge. Apple is finally providing the 18W adapter, which claims to charge the phone up to 50% in half an hour. However, it comes in the box only with Pro and Pro Max variants. You also get an upgraded iOS 13 with iPhone 11, Pro, and Pro Max. Apple claims that the OS is packed with powerful and security-rich features designed to protect your privacy.
The phones have a dual sim slot, which support nano-SIM and eSIM. The new iPhones support wireless charging and even work with Qi-Chargers. However, Apple has decided to hold back the reverse charging. All the phones are IP68 rated. Apple’s official website lists that the iPhone 11 can function underwater in 2 meters of depth for 30 minutes, whereas Pro and Pro Max are waterproof at a maximum depth of 4 meters for 30 minutes.
Pricing and availability
While the iPhone 11 is available in black, green, yellow, purple, product red, and white, you can buy Pro and Pro Max in green, gold, silver, and gray. The iPhone 11 comes with three storage options: 64, 128, and 256GB, whereas the Pro and Pro Max are available in 64, 256, and 512GB storage capacities. You can buy iPhone 11, Pro, and Pro Max with AT&T, Sprint, T-Mobile, and Verizon network carriers. The 64GB, 128GB, and 256GB iPhone 11 is available for $699, which makes it one of the most affordable iPhones yet. Apart from this you can also trade in your old iPhone or buy an unlocked iPhone 11 for $399, $449, or $549. The 64, 256, and 512GB iPhone pro is available for $999, $1149, and $1349 respectively. The 11 Pro Max phone is available for $1099, $1249, and $1499 for the same storage options. You can also buy the unlocked version of Pro and Pro Max for $999 and $1499, respectively. Apple’s latest iPhones will be available for pre-order on September 13, and they will be available in stores from September 20 onwards.